![]() Roll bearings comprising a housing having two parts and method for making such roller bearings
专利摘要:
SUMMARY Roller bearings comprising an inner ring (1), an outer ring (2), at least one row of roller elements (3) between the inner and outer rings (1, 2), and an annular housing (5) surrounding at least one of the rings (2) ), said outer ring (2) comprising two separate parts (2a, 2b), said housing (5) comprising two distinct parts (17, 18) for retaining the parts (2a, 2b) of said outer ring (2) and fixing means for fixing the distinct parts (17, 18) together. The first part (17) of the housing (5) comprises an inner axial cylindrical portion (19) for radially retaining said outer ring (2) and the second part (18) of the housing (5) comprises an outer axial cylindrical portion ( 21) surrounding said inner axial cylindrical portion (19). 公开号:SE537997C2 申请号:SE1351342 申请日:2011-05-16 公开日:2016-01-26 发明作者:Stéphane Cordier;Yves-André Liverato;Charles Massoteau;Pietro Tesini 申请人:Skf Ab; IPC主号:
专利说明:
BACKGROUND OF THE BACKGROUND The present invention relates to roller bearings, in particular to roller bearings having an inner ring and an outer ring with one or more rows of roller elements provided in a cage between webs. the rings. The roll elements can, for example, be balls. The roller bearings can, for example, be those used in electric industrial motors or in motor vehicle gearboxes. In such applications, the bearings are loaded mainly radially, often with relatively weak loads compared to the capacity of the balls used. The rotational speed in such applications is in the order of 3000 vary per minute. U.S. Pat. No. 3,876,266 discloses a roller bearing comprising an inner ring, and an outer ring made in two parts, a housing holding the two parts of said ring and one of a series of balls which are held by a cage. One of the parts of the outer ring together with the housing defines a space where an axially preloaded resilient element is accommodated. The document also shows a method of manufacturing such roller bearings, including the steps of inserting the roller member into its associated cage and mounting that subassembly on the inner ring. Then the two parts of the outer ring are positioned around the row of balls, then the sub-assembly and the preloaded resilient element are mounted in an L-shaped housing which has an outer cylindrical part, and said cylindrical part is folded over a closed cavity and a ring until it encloses said ring and said roll member. Given the way these roller bearings are manufactured, and in particular the fact that the housing is folded over to form a second radial disc, it is relatively black to guarantee the desired axial play or the predefined axial load. Furthermore, it is necessary to provide an axially preloaded element, which makes the roller bearing more expensive. Patent application FR 2 945 090 solves these problems by proposing a roller bearing comprising a housing made up of two distinct parts which are fixed to each other. The housing comprises two radial flanges for axially retaining the parts of the outer ring and an axially cylindrical portion connected to one of the radial flanges and in radial contact with those parts of said outer ring and protruding radially outwards by a radial projection. One of the radial flanges is fixed to the radial projection. Similarly, such a roller bearing needs a specific receiving hall for the roller bearing which has an enlarged shape. Furthermore, when such a roller bearing is assembled, an insignificant deformation of the outer surface of the axial cylindrical portion will be able to modify the positioning of the two separate parts of the outer ring. Such a roller bearing will not prevent solid or liquid contaminants from penetrating between the flanges and the radial projection. DESCRIPTION An object of the present invention is therefore to obviate the aforementioned disadvantages. It is a particular object of the present invention to provide a roller bearing with a simple design which is easy to manufacture, economical, and in which the desired clearance or axial preload can be easily achieved during the assembly steps and maintained when the bearing is fully assembled. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a roller bearing which has good radial rigidity and which can be used for a long time in an efficient and economical manner. Another feature of the invention is to provide a roller bearing where the positioning of the half-rings is not feasible for the deformation of the casing. In one embodiment, a roller bearing comprises an inner ring, an outer ring, at least one row of roller elements between the inner and outer ring, and an annular housing surrounding at least one of the rings, said outer ring comprising two separate parts. The housing comprises two distinct parts for retaining the parts of said outer ring and fixing means for fixing the distinct parts together. The first part of the housing comprises an inner axial cylindrical portion for radially retaining said outer rings and the second part of the housing 2 comprises an outer axial cylindrical portion indicating said inner axial cylindrical portion. Assembly of two separate parts or components to achieve the surrounding ring or housing which retains the parts of the ring makes the assembly steps easier and makes it possible to guarantee that the desired operational play or axial preload is achieved. It has provided in this way a roller bearing which can be used for a long time thanks to efficient internal lubrication. The first part of the housing preferably comprises a radial flange which extends radially from the inner cylindrical portion towards the inner ring and forms with one of the parts of the outer ring a first closed space. The second part of the housing preferably comprises a radial flange which extends radially from the outer cylindrical portion towards the inner ring and forms with one of the parts of the outer ring a second closed space. In one embodiment, the enclosed spaces contain a lubricant and act as lubricant reservoirs. The lubricant can be grease or oil. When the lubricant is oil, the oil can advantageously be enclosed in a porous element mounted inside the closed space. Advantageously, each of the separate parts of the outer ring includes passages for the lubricant enclosed in the enclosed space. The passage for the lubricant may comprise axial slides at least partially adjacent to each other and provided in the thickness of a radial portion of each of the two separate parts of said outer ring, so that the two closed spaces are connected. Special passages for the breathing needle to allow lubricant to pass between the two closed spaces and the runway are preferably provided. The passage may comprise slides or passages made in the thickness of said ring. These passages preferably open towards the runway to said ring. In one embodiment, the distinctive portions of the housing are made by cutting and pressing sheet metal. The fixing means may comprise welding or brazing or glue. Alternatively, it is even possible to fix the two parts together by using crimping, binding, riveting, push buttons, etc. In another aspect, a method of making a roller bearing as described above is proposed, comprising the steps of: inserting one of the separate portions of the outer ring into the front portion of the housing which has an L-shaped structure including an inner axially cylindrical portion to radially retaining said outer ring, inserting the inner ring and said roller member into the first part of the housing, inserting the second of the separate parts of the outer ring into the first part of the housing, fixing the second part of the housing which has an L-shaped structure comprising an outer axially cylindrical portion said that it surrounds said inner axial cylindrical portion. The present invention will be better understood by studying the detailed description of a number of embodiments supervised as completely unlimited examples and illustrated by the accompanying drawings in which: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES - Figure 1 is an axial half of the roller bearing according to the invention, in a first embodiment; Figure 2 is an axial half of a second embodiment; Figures 3 to 5 are steps in a manufacturing method according to the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION With first reference to Figure 1, which illustrates an embodiment of a roller bearing according to the invention; bearing comprises an inner ring 1, an outer ring 2, a series of roller elements 3 in the illustrated example consisting of balls which are held by a cage 4 between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2, and an annular housing 5 surrounding the outer ring 2. The inner ring 1 is solid and has on its outer cylindrical surface an annular groove 6, which has a radius of curvature slightly greater than the radius of the roller elements 3 and forms a bearing path for the roller elements 3. The inner ring 14 can be manufactured by machine machining or by press a piece of steel, which is then polished and possibly overlapped polished (eng .: lapped) at the bearing web 6 so that the ring 1 is given its geometrical characteristic and its final surface finish. The cage 4 comprises a plurality of cavities 7 designed to house the roller elements 3 and keep them uniformly separated on a circumference. The cavities 7 are advantageously spherically shaped with a diameter slightly larger than that of the roller elements 3. The cavities 7 are provided in the radial thickness of the cage 4 which has a radial portion 8, which is radially opposite the outer ring 2 and extends radially through a conical portion 9. The conical portion is located radially opposite the inner ring 1 and extends axially towards the roller elements 3. The radial portion 8 and the conical portion 9 constitute the cavities 7. The conical portion 9 forms a guide portion for the roller elements 3. In this embodiment, the outer ring 2 comprises two separate parts 2a, 2b or half rings. The separate parts 2a, 2b are identical and symmetrical with respect to the axial plane of symmetry of the bearing, in order to reduce manufacturing costs. These two outer half-rings 2a, 2b can advantageously be manufactured by cutting and pressing metal plate, the parts obtained then hardened with heat treatment. The bearing webs intended for the roller elements 3 can be polished and / or overlapped to give them their geometric characteristics and their final surface finish. Since the two half-rings 2a, 2b are identical in this example, only one of them can be described, the one whose reference is "a", it is understood that the identical elements on the other half-ring 2b bore the reference "b" in the figures. The half ring 2a of the outer ring 2 comprises an outer axially cylindrical portion 11a, a radial portion 12a, an annular portion 13a and an inner axially cylindrical path 14a. The radial portion 12 is connected to the outer axial portion 11a and to the annular portion 13a. The annular portion 13a defines a part of a roller track 15a for the roller elements 3. The curvature radius of the roller track 15a slightly exceeds the radius of the roller elements 3. The annular portion 13a extends axially towards the outside of the roller bearing with the inner axial portion 14a. The two outer half rings 16a, 16b having the radial portions 12a, 12b are in axial contact with each other, substantially in the radial visual triplet of the roller elements 3. The housing, which is advantageously made of a pressed metal plate, comprises two annular distinct parts 17, 18 which surround the two outer half-rings 2a, b so that they are held firmly to each other in the axial direction. The parts 17, 18 of the housing 5 can advantageously be manufactured in an economical manner from a metal plate by cutting and pressing. Each of the distinct portions 17, 18 has an L-shaped structure. The first part 17 comprises an inner axial cylindrical portion 19 for radially retaining said outer rings 2a, 2b. The inner axial cylindrical portion 19 abuts the outer rings 2a, 2b and is in contact with the outer surface of the axial portions 11a, 11b of the outer rings. The first part 17 further comprises a radial flange 20 which extends radially from the inner axial cylindrical portion 19 towards the immediate vicinity of the outer cylindrical surface 1a of the inner ring 1 so that a clearance is left between the inner edge 20a of the radial flange and the cylindrical surface 1a of the inner ring. The second part 18 of the housing 5 comprises an outer axial cylindrical portion 21 denoting said inner axial cylindrical portion 19 of the first part. The second part 18 further comprises a radial flange 22 which extends radially than the outer cylindrical portion 21 towards the immediate vicinity of the outer cylindrical surface 1a of the inner ring 1 so that a clearance is left between the inner edge 22a of the radial flange 22 and the cylindrical surface 1a of the inner ring 1. The half-rings 2a, 2b are centered in the inner axial portion 19 of the first part of the housing 5 by contact with between the axial portions 11a, 11b and the tail of said inner axial portion 19. The outer radial sides 23a, 23b which form the outer edges of the outer axial portions 11a, 11b are in contact with the respective axial flanges 20, 22 of the parts 17, 18 of the housing, thus axially clamping the two half-rings 2a, 2b together. The outer radial sides 24a, 24b which form the outer edges of the inner axial portions 14a, 14b are also in contact with the radial flanges 20, 22. Alternatively, an axial clearance (not shown) may be provided between the outer edges 24a. , 24b of the inner axial portions 14a, 14b and the radial flanges 20, 22 of the housing 5. Each of the half-rings 2a, 2b defines with the housing 5 an annular closed space 25a, 25b. More specifically, the closed space 25a is defined by the outer axial portion 11a, the radial portion 12a, the annular portion 13a and the inner axial portion 14a, and adjacent to these portions, the radial flange 20 of the first part 17 of the housing 5 One of the two spaces 25a, 25b can act as a lubricant reservoir, the lubricant in these spaces 25a, 25b is not shown in the figures. The curing agent used may be grease or oil. Lubricant can be packed into the space 25a which constitutes a first lubricant reservoir between the half ring 2a and the inner ring 1. Lubricant is also packed into the second space 25b and into the volume remaining between the inner 1 and outer 2 rings. Each part 2a, 2b of the outer ring 2 comprises passages for the lubricant enclosed in the closed spaces 25a, 25b. In the example shown in Figure 1, the passage is of several types. First, these passages comprise a plurality of continuous radial hales 26a, 26b which are provided in the thickness of the inner axial portions 14a, 14b of the outer half-rings 2a, 2b. This arrangement of the tail allows the lubricant enclosed in the closed spaces 25a, 25b to flow directly against the roller elements 3 by gravity. Furthermore, a plurality of axial penetrating halls 27a, 27b may be provided in the thickness of the radial portion 12, 12b at least partially opposite each other so that the two closed spaces 25a, 25b are connected. This device, which can be maintained by a lamp positioning during manufacture or by angular installers (not shown) provided on the two half-rings 2a, 2b allows the two closed spaces 25a, 25b to communicate with each other. As an alternative, each of the inner radial sides 16a, 16b of the corresponding radial portion 12a, 12b may be provided with a radial groove (not shown) constituting a radial passage or channel so that the outer spirit of the radial channel is coupled to the corresponding throughput. hal 27a, 27b and its inner spirit is in connection with the annular path 15a, 15b so that the string means is led directly to the balls 3. In this example it should be understood that the axial penetrating holes 27a, 27b associated with a radial channel are not can be placed opposite each other. The outer axial cylindrical portion 21 is fixed to the inner axial cylindrical portion 19 by welding or brazing or glue. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the inner radial sides 16a, 16b are in contact with the radial portions 12a, 12b. This contact between the radial portions Is it possible to obtain a roller bearing with an internal preload. The only difference from the embodiment of Figure 2, in which identical elements have the same reference, is the presence of an axial clearance 28 between the inner radial sides 16a, 16b of the radial portions 12a, 12b so that the roller bearing can be in operation without an internal preload. For some applications it is preferable that the roller bearing has an internal preload, by that is meant a preload in both radial and axial direction. For example, in an electric power steering system for a vehicle, such a bearing may advantageously support rotation of the rotor for the vehicle engine to prevent clicking noise. However, in other applications, it may be unwise to use a roller bearing without internal preload, that is to say with an internal clearance to, for example, reduce friction and to compensate for thermal expansion of the rings. In the embodiment of Figure 2, the radial through-holes have been removed and the annular portions 13a, 13b have now been provided with through-holes 29a, 29b to allow the lubricant to flow straight onto the balls 3. Of course it would be possible to mix all types of passages described above. The method for manufacturing such types of bearings will now be described with reference to Figures 3 to 5. In Figure 3, one of the half-rings 2a of the outer ring 2 is inserted into the L-shaped structure of the first part 17 of the housing 5, with the radial sides 23a, 24a of the half ring 2a resting on the inner surface of the radial flange 20 and the outer surface of the axial portion 11a in contact with the inner axial cylindrical portion 19 of the first part 17. In Figure 4, the inner ring is fitted After inserting the rolling elements 3 into the cavities 7 of the cage 4 and mounting that subassembly on the inner 8 ring 1, the second half ring 2b is positioned around the row of rolling elements 3 in the L-shaped structure 17 with the radial side 16a of the radial portion 12a in contact with the radial side 16b of the radial portion 12b of the half ring 2b. The outer surface of the outer axial portion 11b is in contact with the inner surface of the inner axial cylindrical portion 19. The second portion 18 of the housing 5 is then positioned so that its outer axial cylindrical portion 21 surrounds the inner axial cylindrical portion 19 of the first part, as illustrated in Figure 5. The outer radial sides 23b 24b of the axial portions 11b, 14b are in contact with the inner radial sides 22b of the radial flange 22 of the second part 18. The second part 18 of the housing is fitted to hold the half rings 2a, 2b axially. The specific features and characteristics named for each of the embodiments can be applied without major modification to the other embodiments. Furthermore, although the present invention is illustrated by means of a single row ball bearing, it is understood that the invention can be applied without major modification to bearings which use non-ball roller elements and / or which have several rows of roller elements. Alternatively, the inner ring could comprise two half-rings and be surrounded by a housing having two distinct parts as described above. Due to the housing made of two L-shaped parts, a roller bearing according to the invention can be less susceptible to deformation of the outer surface of the outer cylindrical portion of the other part of the housing and has a good radial rigidity. Furthermore, such a roller bearing can prevent solid and liquid contaminants from penetrating into the roller bearing. 9
权利要求:
Claims (9) [1] Roller bearing comprising an inner ring (1), an outer ring (2), at least one row of roller elements (3) between the inner and outer ring (1, 2), and an annular housing (5) surrounding at least one of the rings (2), said outer ring (2) comprising two separate parts (2a, 2b), said housing (5) comprising two distinct parts (17, 18) for surrounding the parts (2a, 2b) of said outer ring (2). ) for holding said parts (2a, 2b) together in an axial direction and fixing means for fixing the distinct parts (17, 18) together, characterized in that the first part (17) of the housing (5) comprises an inner axial cylindrical path (19) in contact with said parts (2a, 2b) of the outer ring (2) for radially retaining said outer ring (2) and the second part (18) of the housing (5) comprising an outer axially cylindrical portion (21) surrounding said inner axial cylindrical portion (19). [2] Roller bearing according to claim 1, in which the first part (17) of the housing (5) comprises a radial flange (20) which extends radially from the inner cylindrical portion (19) towards the inner ring (1) and forms one of the parts (2a) of the outer ring (2) a first closed space (25a). [3] Roller bearing according to claim 2, in which the second part (18) of the housing (5) comprises a radial flange (22) which extends radially from the outer cylindrical portion (21) towards the inner ring (1) and forms one of the parts (2b) of the outer ring (2) a second closed space (25b). [4] Roller bearing according to claim 3, in which both closed spaces (25a, 25b) contain a lubricant and function as lubricant reservoirs. [5] Roller bearing according to claim 4, in which each of said separate parts (2a, 2b) of the outer ring (2) comprises passageways (26a, 27a, 29a, 26b, 27b, 29b) for the lubricant enclosed in the closed spaces (25a, 25b). [6] Roller bearing according to claim 5, in which the passage means for the central means comprises axial hales (27a, 27b) at least partially opposite each other and provided in the thickness of a radial portion (12a, 12b) of each of the two separate parts (2a, 2b ) of said outer ring (2), so that the two closed spaces (25a, 25b) are connected. [7] Roller bearing according to one of the preceding claims, in which the distinct parts (17, 18) of the housing (5) are made by cutting and pressing metal plate. [8] Roller bearing according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the fixing means comprise welding or brazing or urn. [9] A method of manufacturing a roller bearing according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of: inserting one of the separate parts (2a) of the outer ring (2) into the front part (17) of the housing (5) comprising an inner axially cylindrical portion ( 19) to be in contact with and radially retaining said outer ring (2), insert the inner ring (1) and said roller element (3) into the first part (17) of the housing (5), insert the second separate part (2b ) of the outer ring (2) in the first part (17) of the housing (5), fixing the second part (18) of the housing (5) comprising an outer axial cylindrical path (21) so as to surround said inner axial cylindrical portion (19) , the first part (17) and the second part (18) of the housing (5) surrounding the first separate part (2a) and the second separate part (2b) of the outer ring (2) for holding said parts (2a, 2b) together in the axial direction. 11 113
类似技术:
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日 US9206841B2|2015-12-08| DE112011105249T5|2014-02-13| SE1351342A1|2013-11-13| JP2014513782A|2014-06-05| US20140341491A1|2014-11-20| CN103547823A|2014-01-29| WO2012155958A1|2012-11-22|
引用文献:
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 PCT/EP2011/057877|WO2012155958A1|2011-05-16|2011-05-16|Rolling bearing comprising a housing having two parts and method of manufacturing such a bearing| 相关专利
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